verb
to guess, to advise
A2
Verbo forte e irregular: raten significa “adivinhar” ou “aconselhar”. Presente: du rätst, er rät; pretérito: riet; particípio: geraten. Usa haben no sentido de aconselhar (ich habe dir geraten) e sein em in Schwierigkeiten geraten.
Exemplos
Ich rate dir, mehr Wasser zu trinken.
Aconselho-te a beber mais água.
Die Ärztin riet dem Patienten, weniger zu arbeiten, weil die Blutwerte besorgniserregend gewesen waren.
A médica aconselhou o paciente a trabalhar menos, porque os valores do sangue tinham sido preocupantes.
Ich rate, dass er zu Hause ist.
Acho que ele está em casa.
Detalhes
Mnemônicos
Picture someone with a question mark over their head while another person points and speaks (giving advice or making a guess).
Sounds like the English word 'rate' — imagine guessing a price or rating, which helps recall the 'guess' sense.
Notas
Raten has two common senses: 'to guess' and 'to advise'. It typically takes a dative object when meaning 'to advise' (jemandem raten). The verb is irregular: present tense has a stem-vowel change (du rätst, er rät) and the past stem is riet-. The past participle is geraten. Depending on sense, the perfect can use haben (hat geraten) for the transitive/advice sense, but sein is used with the intransitive meaning 'to get into' (z. B. in Schwierigkeiten geraten → ist geraten).